Roofed arch structure



(No Model.)

0; F. T. KANDELER.

ROOFBD ARCH-STRUCTURE.

No. 495,222. Patented Apr. 11, 1893.

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, L, CZarZcsZZJk z nZe Z027 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES F. T. KANDELER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ROOFED- ARCH STRUCTURE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 495,222, dated April11, 1893.

' Application filed July 19,1892. Serial No. 440,448. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, CHARLEs F. T. KANDE- LER, a subject of the Emperorof Germany, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State ofIllinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Rooted ArchStructures, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in the class of structures, such asrailway-sheds, exposition-buildings, dance-halls, and the like, in whichthe roof is supported on metal (steel) arches, provided at suitableintervals and imposed on foundations. In this class of structure it iscommon to provide vertically-disposed foundationson which tosupport theends of the arches, at which they are connected by tie-rods of the samematerial as the arches; and in order that the expansion and contractionof the tie-rods under the influence of temperature may be accompanied bythe expansion and contraction of the arches it is usual to fasten oranchor only one end of each of the latter on its foundation, and providerollers at the other end on its foundation to render it free to yieldtoward that end to the expansion and contraction and thus permit thetie-rods always to remain straight.

There are several objections to the use of the afore-mentioned tie-rods,among which may be mentioned, as a principal one, their expense, whichis estimated at about one-fifth of the entire cost of thearch-structure. Another objection is that there is not adequateprovision for taking the horizontal thrust and particularly not forhorizontal wind-pressure, which is resisted only by the one anchored orfastened end of each arch.

The objects of my improvement are to enable the tie-rods to be entirelydispensed with, therebygreatlydecreasin g the costof construction, andat the same time to provide a form of construction which shall renderthe structure the stronger against horizontal thrust, and which shalldistribute the wind-pressure in the plane of the arch to both of itsfoundations; and also to improve the roof-structure as to certaindetails.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of aroofed arch-structure involving my improvements, the roof proper beingshown in section, and the arch and its inclined foundations inelevation. Figs. 2 and 3 are views in broken elevation of an end of anarch and its foundation, showing, respectively, variations from theinclinedfoundation means illustrated in Fig. l, for taking thehorizontal thrust, as also the vertical load, of the arch.

A is a metal arch of the kind and form suitable for or usually employedin structures of the class to which my invention relates, and which maybe of the latticed construction represented; and B is the roof thereonand supported by foundations O O at the ends of the arch. As illustratedin Fig. 1 the foundations are inclined upwardly in an inward direction,or toward each other, being thereby adapted to support the vertical loadof the roofed arch as Well as to take the horizontal thrust of the archand to distribute the windpressure in the plane of the arch to both ofits foundations. The foundation feature of my improvementispreferableintheinclined form thereof described, though the object to beattained, namely of both supporting the vertical load and taking thehorizontal thrust of the arch, will also be subserved by employingfoundations disposed verticallyunder the ends of the arches, asrepresented in Figs. 2 and 3, and either anchoring the ends by means offastening-bolts r, as shown in Fig. 2, or stopping them against outwardhorizontal displacement by means of abutments q extended on the tops ofthe foundations against which to permit the outer sides of arches towardtheir lower ends to bear.

Another feature of my improvement relates to providing the arch in twosections A and A connected by a flexible joint, which may be a hingedjoint, though I prefer to form it with a metal plate 19 fastened to thesections to extend over their line of junction, the plate beingadequately thin to afford the desired flexibility in the joint to permitexpansion and contraction of the metal-of the arch.

Structures are known, in which straight sections, lying in a line witheach other, are connected by a yielding joint. Such yielding joint wouldnot, however, answer my purpose in a sectional arch-structure, since itcannot transmit any horizontal thrust at all. My flexible joint must,transmit all horizontal thrusts and permit vertical expansion and formedin sections A and A connected by a contraction. flexible metal plate pfastened to the sections What I claim as new, and desire to secure toextend across the line of their junction, the by Letters Patent, is 1arches resting on horizontal-thrust taking and 5 1. In combination aroofed arch-structureA vertical-load supporting foundations 0, sub- I 5formed in sections A and A connected by a stautially as described.

flexible joint, and resting on horizontal-thrust CHARLES F. T. KANDELER.taking and vertical-load supporting founda- In presence of tions 0,substantially as described. M. J. FROST,

1o 2. In combination a roofed arch-structure A M. E. VVINN.

